\[a_{13}=a_1+12d\Rightarrow 42=6+12d\Rightarrow d=3.\]
\[a_{10}=a_1+9d=6+27=33,\qquad S_{10}=\frac{10(a_1+a_{10})}{2}=5(6+33)=195.\]
\[a_{14}-a_6=8d\Rightarrow -43-45=8d\Rightarrow d=-11.\]
\[a_1=a_6-5d=45+55=100,\qquad a_{10}=100+9(-11)=1.\]
\[S_{10}=\frac{10(100+1)}{2}=505.\]
Ответ: 1) \(195\); 2) \(505\).