2. Разложение на множители:
- \( x^2 - 81 = x^2 - 9^2 = (x - 9)(x + 9) \)
- \( y^2 - 4y + 4 = y^2 - 2 \cdot y \cdot 2 + 2^2 = (y - 2)^2 \)
- \( 36x^4y^2 - 169c^2 = (6x^2y)^2 - (13c)^2 = (6x^2y - 13c)(6x^2y + 13c) \)
- \( (x + 1)^2 - (x - 1)^2 = ((x + 1) - (x - 1))((x + 1) + (x - 1)) = (x + 1 - x + 1)(x + 1 + x - 1) = (2)(2x) = 4x \)
Ответ: 1. \( (x - 9)(x + 9) \); 2. \( (y - 2)^2 \); 3. \( (6x^2y - 13c)(6x^2y + 13c) \); 4. \( 4x \).