a) $$\sqrt{17^2 - 8^2} = \sqrt{289 - 64} = \sqrt{225} = 15$$;
б) $$\sqrt{3^2 + 4^2} = \sqrt{9 + 16} = \sqrt{25} = 5$$;
в) $$\sqrt{82^2 - 18^2} = \sqrt{(82-18)(82+18)} = \sqrt{64 \cdot 100} = \sqrt{6400} = 80$$;
г) $$\sqrt{117^2 - 108^2} = \sqrt{(117 - 108)(117 + 108)} = \sqrt{9 \cdot 225} = \sqrt{2025} = 45$$;
д) $$\sqrt{6,8^2 - 3,2^2} = \sqrt{(6,8 - 3,2)(6,8 + 3,2)} = \sqrt{3,6 \cdot 10} = \sqrt{36} = 6$$;
e) $$\sqrt{\left(1\frac{1}{16}\right)^2 - \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2} = \sqrt{\left(\frac{17}{16}\right)^2 - \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2} = \sqrt{\frac{289}{256} - \frac{1}{4}} = \sqrt{\frac{289 - 64}{256}} = \sqrt{\frac{225}{256}} = \frac{15}{16}$$.
Ответ: a) 15; б) 5; в) 80; г) 45; д) 6; e) $$\frac{15}{16}$$.