Summarize the key biographical details and military achievements of Pyotr Stepanovich Kotlyarevsky presented in the text.

Pyotr Stepanovich Kotlyarevsky (1782-1851):

• Born into a clerical family, he joined the military service and participated in battles in the Caucasus from the age of 14.
• In 1810, Colonel Kotlyarevsky was ordered to capture the fortified settlement of Megri.
• A detachment of 1,500 men under Kotlyarevsky was surrounded by a 10,000-strong enemy corps. During a night attack, Kotlyarevsky routed the enemy. He soon captured a crucial fortress and significant territories, earning him the rank of general.
• In 1812, the Persian Shah attempted to turn the tide of the war. However, Kotlyarevsky, with a detachment of 2,000 men, attacked the Persian camp and completely crushed the enemy.
• Russian troops advanced on the fortress of Lankaran. The Persians were defeated, and the fortress fell.
• The Shah was forced to sign the Treaty of Gulistan in the settlement of Gulistan, on terms dictated by Russia.
• During a battle, Kotlyarevsky was found among the fallen with three facial wounds; 40 shrapnel fragments were removed from his skull during surgery.