D. Choose ONE topic and write a short essay (80-100 words). Topic A: Your friend thinks that helping people (like the homeless or the elderly) is more important than helping the environment (like saving forests). Write him your opinion. Use arguments. Topic B: Imagine you are an environmental journalist. Describe one major ecological problem (e.g., deforestation, water pollution). Explain what it is, why it is happening, and what might happen if we don't solve it. Suggest one thing people can do to help.

Topic B: Imagine you are an environmental journalist. Describe one major ecological problem (e.g., deforestation, water pollution). Explain what it is, why it is happening, and what might happen if we don't solve it. Suggest one thing people can do to help.

Water pollution is a major ecological problem affecting our planet. It occurs when harmful substances, such as chemicals, sewage, and industrial waste, contaminate water bodies like rivers, lakes, and oceans. This pollution is primarily caused by human activities, including improper waste disposal, agricultural runoff, and industrial discharge. As an environmental journalist, I must highlight the severe consequences if we fail to address this issue.

Firstly, water pollution poses a significant threat to human health. Contaminated water can lead to waterborne diseases, such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid, which can be particularly devastating in communities with limited access to clean water and sanitation. Secondly, water pollution harms aquatic ecosystems. It disrupts the natural balance, leading to the death of fish, plants, and other organisms that depend on clean water for survival. This loss of biodiversity can have cascading effects on the entire food chain.

If we don't solve this problem, the long-term consequences could be catastrophic. Water scarcity could become more widespread, leading to conflicts over limited resources. The health of our ecosystems would continue to decline, and the economic costs associated with treating contaminated water and managing the health impacts would increase significantly.

One thing people can do to help is to reduce their use of single-use plastics. Plastic waste is a major source of water pollution, as it often ends up in rivers and oceans, breaking down into harmful microplastics that contaminate the water and harm aquatic life. By choosing reusable alternatives, we can reduce the amount of plastic waste entering our waterways and help protect our precious water resources.

Ответ: Water pollution is a critical issue that requires immediate attention. We all have a role to play in protecting our water resources.

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