According to the text, what event led to the change in land ownership and the peasant's obligation in Japan around the 10th century?

Analysis:

• The text states that around the 10th century (10th century - 'КХ в.' in the text), land ownership changed.
• Initially, peasants received land from the emperor and paid taxes.
• However, the text indicates that 'знать, крупные чиновники стали сами передавать свои наделы по наследству'.
• These lands became their property ('их собственность'), and peasants worked for them, paying dues ('барщину и оброк') and becoming dependent ('личная зависимость крестьян').

Answer:

Around the 10th century, significant landowners and major officials began to pass their landholdings ('наделы') down through inheritance. These lands became their private property, and peasants became dependent on them, working for them and paying dues, thus altering the land ownership and peasant obligations.