First, let's calculate the volume of the box and the volume of one cube.
Volume of the box: $$V_{box} = 15 \text{ cm} \times 25 \text{ cm} \times 30 \text{ cm} = 11250 \text{ cm}^3$$.
Volume of one cube: $$V_{cube} = 3 \text{ cm} \times 3 \text{ cm} \times 3 \text{ cm} = 27 \text{ cm}^3$$.
Now, let's find out how many cubes can fit into the box. We can do this by dividing the volume of the box by the volume of a cube, but it's more accurate to find how many cubes fit along each dimension:
The total number of cubes that can fit in the box is $$5 \times 8 \times 10 = 400$$ cubes.
The problem states that 20 cubes were removed from the box. So, the number of cubes remaining in the box is $$400 - 20 = 380$$ cubes.
Answer: 380