3. Complete the text with the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. One of the first newspapers 1 ____ (produce) during the times of Julius Caesar. The Acta Diurna (Events of the Day) was a newsletter which 2 ____ (write) by hand and then put up in important places in Rome. Newspapers 3 ____ (print) since the beginning of the seventeenth century. At first, they 4 ____ (publish) in Northern Germany, but soon the idea 5 ____ (copy) in other countries. These early newspapers usually had only one page and there were no pictures, advertising or even headlines. The oldest daily newspaper in Britain which 6 ____ (print) today is The Times. It 7 ____ (publish) since 1785. Today more than 18,000 different newspapers 8 ____ (sell) around the world. 4 Write similar sentences about great people from Russia. Use correct passive forms. 1 Boris Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1958.

Задание 3. Заполнение текста пассивным залогом

1. was produced

Объяснение: Действие (производство газет) произошло в прошлом (во времена Юлия Цезаря) и является завершенным. Используем Past Simple Passive.

2. was written

Объяснение: Действие (написание) произошло в прошлом, до того, как газеты стали вывешивать. Используем Past Simple Passive.

3. have been printed

Объяснение: Действие (печать газет) началось в семнадцатом веке и продолжается до настоящего времени. Используем Present Perfect Passive.

4. were published

Объяснение: Действие (публикация) относится к прошлому (начало семнадцатого века). Используем Past Simple Passive.

5. was copied

Объяснение: Идея (копирование) была воспринята другими странами в прошлом. Используем Past Simple Passive.

6. is printed

Объяснение: Речь идет о том, что газета печатается сегодня, это настоящее время. Используем Present Simple Passive.

7. has been published

Объяснение: Газета публикуется с 1785 года и продолжает публиковаться. Используем Present Perfect Passive.

8. are sold

Объяснение: Речь идет о том, что газеты продаются по всему миру в настоящее время. Используем Present Simple Passive.

Итоговый текст:

One of the first newspapers was produced during the times of Julius Caesar. The Acta Diurna (Events of the Day) was a newsletter which was written by hand and then put up in important places in Rome.

Newspapers have been printed since the beginning of the seventeenth century. At first, they were published in Northern Germany, but soon the idea was copied in other countries. These early newspapers usually had only one page and there were no pictures, advertising or even headlines.

The oldest daily newspaper in Britain which is printed today is The Times. It has been published since 1785.

Today more than 18,000 different newspapers are sold around the world.

Задание 4. Аналогичные предложения (пассивный залог)

1. Boris Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1958.

Объяснение: Это уже готовое предложение в пассивном залоге. Борис Пастернак (Boris Pasternak) был награжден (was awarded) Нобелевской премией.

2. Anna Akhmatova was awarded the Golden Poet Prize in 2012.

Объяснение: Анна Ахматова (Anna Akhmatova) была награждена (was awarded) премией «Золотой поэт» в 2012 году.

3. Leo Tolstoy's "War and Peace" was translated into many languages.

Объяснение: Роман Льва Толстого «Война и мир» («War and Peace») был переведен (was translated) на множество языков.

4. The Bolshoi Theatre was founded in 1776.

Объяснение: Большой театр (The Bolshoi Theatre) был основан (was founded) в 1776 году.