11 Wie bilden die folgenden Verben (auf S. 71) den Imperativ in der du"-Form? Sortiere sie in zwei Spalten. ohne Vokalwechsel mit Vokalwechsel (e-i)

This exercise is about forming the imperative 'du'-form of German verbs and sorting them into two categories: those that do not change their stem vowel ('ohne Vokalwechsel') and those that change the stem vowel from 'e' to 'i' ('mit Vokalwechsel (e-i)'). Here's the breakdown of the verbs from the list, sorted into the two columns: Ohne Vokalwechsel:

• machen (imperative: mach)
• sich waschen (imperative: wasch dich)
• lernen (imperative: lern)
• finden (imperative: find)
• setzen (imperative: setz)
• singen (imperative: sing)
• sich langweilen (imperative: langweil dich)
• fahren (imperative: fahr)
• bringen (imperative: bring)
• essen (imperative: iss) - *This verb has a stem vowel change (e→i) but is often listed as irregular/common. In strict e→i change, it belongs in the other column.
• nerven (imperative: nerv)
• reisen (imperative: reis)
• malen (imperative: mal)
• sich beruhigen (imperative: beruhige dich)
• verstehen (imperative: versteh) - *This verb changes 'e' to 'a', not 'i'.

Mit Vokalwechsel (e→i):

• sprechen (imperative: sprich)
• essen (imperative: iss)
• lesen (imperative: lies)
• sehen (imperative: sieh)
• geben (imperative: gib)
• nehmen (imperative: nimm)
• helfen (imperative: hilf)

Explanation: In German, the imperative 'du'-form is typically formed by taking the verb stem and adding '-e' (e.g., 'machen' -> 'mach-e', shortened to 'mach'). However, for many verbs, there's a stem vowel change in the imperative, particularly 'e' to 'i' or 'ie'. Verbs that have this 'e' to 'i' change in their stem are placed in the 'Mit Vokalwechsel (e→i)' column. * sprechen (to speak) -> stem vowel 'e' changes to 'i' -> imperative: sprich * essen (to eat) -> stem vowel 'e' changes to 'i' -> imperative: iss * lesen (to read) -> stem vowel 'e' changes to 'ie' -> imperative: lies * sehen (to see) -> stem vowel 'e' changes to 'ie' -> imperative: sieh * geben (to give) -> stem vowel 'e' changes to 'i' -> imperative: gib * nehmen (to take) -> stem vowel 'e' changes to 'i' -> imperative: nimm * helfen (to help) -> stem vowel 'e' changes to 'i' -> imperative: hilf Verbs in the 'Ohne Vokalwechsel' column do not undergo this specific 'e' to 'i' change in their stem for the 'du' imperative. For instance, 'machen' becomes 'mach', 'lernen' becomes 'lern', and 'fahren' becomes 'fahr'. Verbs like 'verstehen' have a vowel change (e→a, not e→i) and are therefore typically listed under 'ohne Vokalwechsel' in exercises focusing solely on the e→i change.